Patellar Tendinitis (Jumper Knee)

Patellar tendonitis, commonly known as “jumper’s knee,” is an overuse injury characterized by inflammation of the patellar tendon connecting the kneecap to the tibia. The mechanism of injury primarily involves repetitive stress from high-impact activities such as jumping and running, leading to microtears in the tendon. Biomechanical factors, including muscle imbalances and poor alignment, can exacerbate this strain. Statistically, patellar tendonitis affects about 20-30% of athletes participating in sports like basketball and volleyball, with a higher prevalence in younger athletes aged 15-30. Recurrence is common, effective management and prevention strategies are vital.

Signs and Symptoms:
  • Pain: Localized just below the kneecap, often worsens with activity (e.g., jumping, running).
  • Swelling: Mild swelling around the tendon.
  • Tenderness: Pain upon palpation of the tendon region.
  • Stiffness: After sitting for long periods or during the first movements after rest.
  • Reduced strength: quadriceps or hamstrings
  • Physiotherapy Managements:
  • Pain Management: Rest and activity modification, ice therapy, electrical modalities which can help to improve the pain.
  • Rehabilitation Exercises:
  • Stretching of quadriceps, hamstrings, and calf muscles to help to improve muscles flexibility.
  • Strengthening exercises such as eccentric strengthening exercises for the quadriceps (e.g., eccentric squats), hip and core strengthening exercises in order to improve lower limb mechanics.
  • Biomechanical Assessment :
  • Evaluate and correct movement patterns to reduce strain on the patellar tendon.
  • Wearing supportive footwear
  • Manual Therapy: Soft tissue mobilization to alleviate tension and improve range of motion.
  • Education and Self-Management: Guidance on proper warm-up techniques, gradual return to activity, and self-care strategies to prevent recurrence.
  • Progressive Loading Program: Gradually increase activity intensity and volume based on pain levels and functional improvements.

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